# NAG CL Interfacef01jac (real_​gen_​matrix_​cond_​std)

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## 1Purpose

f01jac computes an estimate of the absolute condition number of a matrix function $f$ at a real $n×n$ matrix $A$ in the $1$-norm, where $f$ is either the exponential, logarithm, sine, cosine, hyperbolic sine (sinh) or hyperbolic cosine (cosh). The evaluation of the matrix function, $f\left(A\right)$, is also returned.

## 2Specification

 #include
 void f01jac (Nag_MatFunType fun, Integer n, double a[], Integer pda, double *conda, double *norma, double *normfa, NagError *fail)
The function may be called by the names: f01jac or nag_matop_real_gen_matrix_cond_std.

## 3Description

The absolute condition number of $f$ at $A$, ${\mathrm{cond}}_{\mathrm{abs}}\left(f,A\right)$ is given by the norm of the Fréchet derivative of $f$, $L\left(A\right)$, which is defined by
 $‖L(X)‖ := maxE≠0 ‖L(X,E)‖ ‖E‖ ,$
where $L\left(X,E\right)$ is the Fréchet derivative in the direction $E$. $L\left(X,E\right)$ is linear in $E$ and can, therefore, be written as
 $vec (L(X,E)) = K(X) vec(E) ,$
where the $\mathrm{vec}$ operator stacks the columns of a matrix into one vector, so that $K\left(X\right)$ is ${n}^{2}×{n}^{2}$. f01jac computes an estimate $\gamma$ such that $\gamma \le {‖K\left(X\right)‖}_{1}$, where ${‖K\left(X\right)‖}_{1}\in \left[{n}^{-1}{‖L\left(X\right)‖}_{1},n{‖L\left(X\right)‖}_{1}\right]$. The relative condition number can then be computed via
 $cond rel (f,A) = cond abs (f,A) ‖A‖1 ‖f(A)‖ 1 .$
The algorithm used to find $\gamma$ is detailed in Section 3.4 of Higham (2008).

## 4References

Higham N J (2008) Functions of Matrices: Theory and Computation SIAM, Philadelphia, PA, USA

## 5Arguments

1: $\mathbf{fun}$Nag_MatFunType Input
On entry: indicates which matrix function will be used.
${\mathbf{fun}}=\mathrm{Nag_Exp}$
The matrix exponential, ${e}^{A}$, will be used.
${\mathbf{fun}}=\mathrm{Nag_Sin}$
The matrix sine, $\mathrm{sin}\left(A\right)$, will be used.
${\mathbf{fun}}=\mathrm{Nag_Cos}$
The matrix cosine, $\mathrm{cos}\left(A\right)$, will be used.
${\mathbf{fun}}=\mathrm{Nag_Sinh}$
The hyperbolic matrix sine, $\mathrm{sinh}\left(A\right)$, will be used.
${\mathbf{fun}}=\mathrm{Nag_Cosh}$
The hyperbolic matrix cosine, $\mathrm{cosh}\left(A\right)$, will be used.
${\mathbf{fun}}=\mathrm{Nag_Loga}$
The matrix logarithm, $\mathrm{log}\left(A\right)$, will be used.
Constraint: ${\mathbf{fun}}=\mathrm{Nag_Exp}$, $\mathrm{Nag_Sin}$, $\mathrm{Nag_Cos}$, $\mathrm{Nag_Sinh}$, $\mathrm{Nag_Cosh}$ or $\mathrm{Nag_Loga}$.
2: $\mathbf{n}$Integer Input
On entry: $n$, the order of the matrix $A$.
Constraint: ${\mathbf{n}}\ge 0$.
3: $\mathbf{a}\left[\mathit{dim}\right]$double Input/Output
Note: the dimension, dim, of the array a must be at least ${\mathbf{pda}}×{\mathbf{n}}$.
The $\left(i,j\right)$th element of the matrix $A$ is stored in ${\mathbf{a}}\left[\left(j-1\right)×{\mathbf{pda}}+i-1\right]$.
On entry: the $n×n$ matrix $A$.
On exit: the $n×n$ matrix, $f\left(A\right)$.
4: $\mathbf{pda}$Integer Input
On entry: the stride separating matrix row elements in the array a.
Constraint: ${\mathbf{pda}}\ge {\mathbf{n}}$.
5: $\mathbf{conda}$double * Output
On exit: an estimate of the absolute condition number of $f$ at $A$.
6: $\mathbf{norma}$double * Output
On exit: the $1$-norm of $A$.
7: $\mathbf{normfa}$double * Output
On exit: the $1$-norm of $f\left(A\right)$.
8: $\mathbf{fail}$NagError * Input/Output
The NAG error argument (see Section 7 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface).

## 6Error Indicators and Warnings

NE_ALLOC_FAIL
Dynamic memory allocation failed.
See Section 3.1.2 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface for further information.
On entry, argument $⟨\mathit{\text{value}}⟩$ had an illegal value.
NE_INT
On entry, ${\mathbf{n}}=⟨\mathit{\text{value}}⟩$.
Constraint: ${\mathbf{n}}\ge 0$.
NE_INT_2
On entry, ${\mathbf{pda}}=⟨\mathit{\text{value}}⟩$ and ${\mathbf{n}}=⟨\mathit{\text{value}}⟩$.
Constraint: ${\mathbf{pda}}\ge {\mathbf{n}}$.
NE_INTERNAL_ERROR
An internal error has occurred in this function. Check the function call and any array sizes. If the call is correct then please contact NAG for assistance.
See Section 7.5 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface for further information.
An internal error occurred when estimating the norm of the Fréchet derivative of $f$ at $A$. Please contact NAG.
An internal error occurred when evaluating the matrix function $f\left(A\right)$. You can investigate further by calling f01ecc, f01ejc or f01ekc with the matrix $A$.
NE_NO_LICENCE
Your licence key may have expired or may not have been installed correctly.
See Section 8 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface for further information.

## 7Accuracy

f01jac uses the norm estimation function f04ydc to estimate a quantity $\gamma$, where $\gamma \le {‖K\left(X\right)‖}_{1}$ and ${‖K\left(X\right)‖}_{1}\in \left[{n}^{-1}{‖L\left(X\right)‖}_{1},n{‖L\left(X\right)‖}_{1}\right]$. For further details on the accuracy of norm estimation, see the documentation for f04ydc.

## 8Parallelism and Performance

f01jac is threaded by NAG for parallel execution in multithreaded implementations of the NAG Library. In these implementations, this function may make calls to the user-supplied functions from within an OpenMP parallel region. Thus OpenMP pragmas within the user functions can only be used if you are compiling the user-supplied function and linking the executable in accordance with the instructions in the Users' Note for your implementation.
f01jac makes calls to BLAS and/or LAPACK routines, which may be threaded within the vendor library used by this implementation. Consult the documentation for the vendor library for further information.
Please consult the X06 Chapter Introduction for information on how to control and interrogate the OpenMP environment used within this function. Please also consult the Users' Note for your implementation for any additional implementation-specific information.

The matrix function is computed using one of three underlying matrix function routines:
• if ${\mathbf{fun}}=\mathrm{Nag_Exp}$, f01ecc is used;
• if ${\mathbf{fun}}=\mathrm{Nag_Loga}$, f01ejc is used;
• else, f01ekc is used.
Approximately $6{n}^{2}$ of real allocatable memory is required by the routine, in addition to the memory used by these underlying matrix function routines.
If only $f\left(A\right)$ is required, without an estimate of the condition number, then it is far more efficient to use the appropriate matrix function routine listed above.
f01kac can be used to find the condition number of the exponential, logarithm, sine, cosine, sinh or cosh matrix functions at a complex matrix.

## 10Example

This example estimates the absolute and relative condition numbers of the matrix sinh function where
 $A = ( 2 1 3 1 3 −1 0 2 1 0 3 1 1 2 0 3 ) .$

### 10.1Program Text

Program Text (f01jace.c)

### 10.2Program Data

Program Data (f01jace.d)

### 10.3Program Results

Program Results (f01jace.r)