NAG CL Interface
f08cvc (zgerqf)

1 Purpose

f08cvc computes an RQ factorization of a complex m by n matrix A.

2 Specification

#include <nag.h>
void  f08cvc (Nag_OrderType order, Integer m, Integer n, Complex a[], Integer pda, Complex tau[], NagError *fail)
The function may be called by the names: f08cvc, nag_lapackeig_zgerqf or nag_zgerqf.

3 Description

f08cvc forms the RQ factorization of an arbitrary rectangular real m by n matrix. If mn, the factorization is given by
A = 0 R Q ,  
where R is an m by m lower triangular matrix and Q is an n by n unitary matrix. If m>n the factorization is given by
A =RQ ,  
where R is an m by n upper trapezoidal matrix and Q is again an n by n unitary matrix. In the case where m<n the factorization can be expressed as
A = 0 R Q1 Q2 =RQ2 ,  
where Q1 consists of the first n-m rows of Q and Q2 the remaining m rows.
The matrix Q is not formed explicitly, but is represented as a product of minm,n elementary reflectors (see the F08 Chapter Introduction for details). Functions are provided to work with Q in this representation (see Section 9).

4 References

Anderson E, Bai Z, Bischof C, Blackford S, Demmel J, Dongarra J J, Du Croz J J, Greenbaum A, Hammarling S, McKenney A and Sorensen D (1999) LAPACK Users' Guide (3rd Edition) SIAM, Philadelphia https://www.netlib.org/lapack/lug
Golub G H and Van Loan C F (1996) Matrix Computations (3rd Edition) Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore

5 Arguments

1: order Nag_OrderType Input
On entry: the order argument specifies the two-dimensional storage scheme being used, i.e., row-major ordering or column-major ordering. C language defined storage is specified by order=Nag_RowMajor. See Section 3.1.3 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface for a more detailed explanation of the use of this argument.
Constraint: order=Nag_RowMajor or Nag_ColMajor.
2: m Integer Input
On entry: m, the number of rows of the matrix A.
Constraint: m0.
3: n Integer Input
On entry: n, the number of columns of the matrix A.
Constraint: n0.
4: a[dim] Complex Input/Output
Note: the dimension, dim, of the array a must be at least
  • max1,pda×n when order=Nag_ColMajor;
  • max1,m×pda when order=Nag_RowMajor.
where Ai,j appears in this document, it refers to the array element
  • a[j-1×pda+i-1] when order=Nag_ColMajor;
  • a[i-1×pda+j-1] when order=Nag_RowMajor.
On entry: the m by n matrix A.
On exit: if mn, the upper triangle of the subarray A1:m,n-m+1:n contains the m by m upper triangular matrix R.
If mn, the elements on and above the m-nth subdiagonal contain the m by n upper trapezoidal matrix R; the remaining elements, with the array tau, represent the unitary matrix Q as a product of minm,n elementary reflectors (see Section 3.4.6 in the F08 Chapter Introduction).
5: pda Integer Input
On entry: the stride separating row or column elements (depending on the value of order) in the array a.
Constraints:
  • if order=Nag_ColMajor, pdamax1,m;
  • if order=Nag_RowMajor, pdamax1,n.
6: tau[dim] Complex Output
Note: the dimension, dim, of the array tau must be at least max1,minm,n.
On exit: the scalar factors of the elementary reflectors.
7: fail NagError * Input/Output
The NAG error argument (see Section 7 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface).

6 Error Indicators and Warnings

NE_ALLOC_FAIL
Dynamic memory allocation failed.
See Section 3.1.2 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface for further information.
NE_BAD_PARAM
On entry, argument value had an illegal value.
NE_INT
On entry, m=value.
Constraint: m0.
On entry, n=value.
Constraint: n0.
On entry, pda=value.
Constraint: pda>0.
NE_INT_2
On entry, pda=value and m=value.
Constraint: pdamax1,m.
On entry, pda=value and n=value.
Constraint: pdamax1,n.
NE_INTERNAL_ERROR
An internal error has occurred in this function. Check the function call and any array sizes. If the call is correct then please contact NAG for assistance.
See Section 7.5 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface for further information.
NE_NO_LICENCE
Your licence key may have expired or may not have been installed correctly.
See Section 8 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface for further information.

7 Accuracy

The computed factorization is the exact factorization of a nearby matrix A+E, where
E2 = Oε A2  
and ε is the machine precision.

8 Parallelism and Performance

f08cvc makes calls to BLAS and/or LAPACK routines, which may be threaded within the vendor library used by this implementation. Consult the documentation for the vendor library for further information.
Please consult the X06 Chapter Introduction for information on how to control and interrogate the OpenMP environment used within this function. Please also consult the Users' Note for your implementation for any additional implementation-specific information.

9 Further Comments

The total number of floating-point operations is approximately 23m23n-m if mn, or 23n23m-n if m>n.
To form the unitary matrix Q f08cvc may be followed by a call to f08cwc :
nag_lapackeig_zungrq(order, n, n, minmn, a, pda, tau, &fail)
where minmn=minm,n, but note that the first dimension of the array a must be at least n, which may be larger than was required by f08cvc. When mn, it is often only the first m rows of Q that are required and they may be formed by the call:
nag_lapackeig_zungrq(order, m, n, m, a, pda, tau, c, pdc, &fail)
To apply Q to an arbitrary n by p real rectangular matrix C, f08cvc may be followed by a call to f08cxc . For example:
nag_lapackeig_zunmrq(Nag_LeftSide, Nag_ConjTrans, n, p, minmn, a, pda, tau, c, pdc, &fail)
forms the matrix product C=QHC.
The real analogue of this function is f08chc.

10 Example

This example finds the minimum norm solution to the underdetermined equations
Ax=b  
where
A = 0.28-0.36i 0.50-0.86i -0.77-0.48i 1.58+0.66i -0.50-1.10i -1.21+0.76i -0.32-0.24i -0.27-1.15i 0.36-0.51i -0.07+1.33i -0.75+0.47i -0.08+1.01i  
and
b = -1.35+0.19i 9.41-3.56i -7.57+6.93i .  
The solution is obtained by first obtaining an RQ factorization of the matrix A.

10.1 Program Text

Program Text (f08cvce.c)

10.2 Program Data

Program Data (f08cvce.d)

10.3 Program Results

Program Results (f08cvce.r)