NAG CL Interface
f08fpc (zheevx)

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1 Purpose

f08fpc computes selected eigenvalues and, optionally, eigenvectors of a complex n×n Hermitian matrix A. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors can be selected by specifying either a range of values or a range of indices for the desired eigenvalues.

2 Specification

#include <nag.h>
void  f08fpc (Nag_OrderType order, Nag_JobType job, Nag_RangeType range, Nag_UploType uplo, Integer n, Complex a[], Integer pda, double vl, double vu, Integer il, Integer iu, double abstol, Integer *m, double w[], Complex z[], Integer pdz, Integer jfail[], NagError *fail)
The function may be called by the names: f08fpc, nag_lapackeig_zheevx or nag_zheevx.

3 Description

The Hermitian matrix A is first reduced to real tridiagonal form, using unitary similarity transformations. The required eigenvalues and eigenvectors are then computed from the tridiagonal matrix; the method used depends upon whether all, or selected, eigenvalues and eigenvectors are required.

4 References

Anderson E, Bai Z, Bischof C, Blackford S, Demmel J, Dongarra J J, Du Croz J J, Greenbaum A, Hammarling S, McKenney A and Sorensen D (1999) LAPACK Users' Guide (3rd Edition) SIAM, Philadelphia https://www.netlib.org/lapack/lug
Demmel J W and Kahan W (1990) Accurate singular values of bidiagonal matrices SIAM J. Sci. Statist. Comput. 11 873–912
Golub G H and Van Loan C F (1996) Matrix Computations (3rd Edition) Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore

5 Arguments

1: order Nag_OrderType Input
On entry: the order argument specifies the two-dimensional storage scheme being used, i.e., row-major ordering or column-major ordering. C language defined storage is specified by order=Nag_RowMajor. See Section 3.1.3 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface for a more detailed explanation of the use of this argument.
Constraint: order=Nag_RowMajor or Nag_ColMajor.
2: job Nag_JobType Input
On entry: indicates whether eigenvectors are computed.
job=Nag_EigVals
Only eigenvalues are computed.
job=Nag_DoBoth
Eigenvalues and eigenvectors are computed.
Constraint: job=Nag_EigVals or Nag_DoBoth.
3: range Nag_RangeType Input
On entry: if range=Nag_AllValues, all eigenvalues will be found.
If range=Nag_Interval, all eigenvalues in the half-open interval (vl,vu] will be found.
If range=Nag_Indices, the ilth to iuth eigenvalues will be found.
Constraint: range=Nag_AllValues, Nag_Interval or Nag_Indices.
4: uplo Nag_UploType Input
On entry: if uplo=Nag_Upper, the upper triangular part of A is stored.
If uplo=Nag_Lower, the lower triangular part of A is stored.
Constraint: uplo=Nag_Upper or Nag_Lower.
5: n Integer Input
On entry: n, the order of the matrix A.
Constraint: n0.
6: a[dim] Complex Input/Output
Note: the dimension, dim, of the array a must be at least max(1,pda×n).
On entry: the n×n Hermitian matrix A.
If order=Nag_ColMajor, Aij is stored in a[(j-1)×pda+i-1].
If order=Nag_RowMajor, Aij is stored in a[(i-1)×pda+j-1].
If uplo=Nag_Upper, the upper triangular part of A must be stored and the elements of the array below the diagonal are not referenced.
If uplo=Nag_Lower, the lower triangular part of A must be stored and the elements of the array above the diagonal are not referenced.
On exit: the lower triangle (if uplo=Nag_Lower) or the upper triangle (if uplo=Nag_Upper) of a, including the diagonal, is overwritten.
7: pda Integer Input
On entry: the stride separating row or column elements (depending on the value of order) in the array a.
Constraint: pdamax(1,n).
8: vl double Input
9: vu double Input
On entry: if range=Nag_Interval, the lower and upper bounds of the interval to be searched for eigenvalues.
If range=Nag_AllValues or Nag_Indices, vl and vu are not referenced.
Constraint: if range=Nag_Interval, vl<vu.
10: il Integer Input
11: iu Integer Input
On entry: if range=Nag_Indices, il and iu specify the indices (in ascending order) of the smallest and largest eigenvalues to be returned, respectively.
If range=Nag_AllValues or Nag_Interval, il and iu are not referenced.
Constraints:
  • if range=Nag_Indices and n=0, il=1 and iu=0;
  • if range=Nag_Indices and n>0, 1 il iu n .
12: abstol double Input
On entry: the absolute error tolerance for the eigenvalues. An approximate eigenvalue is accepted as converged when it is determined to lie in an interval [a,b] of width less than or equal to
abstol+ε max(|a|,|b|) ,  
where ε is the machine precision. If abstol is less than or equal to zero, then ε T1 will be used in its place, where T is the tridiagonal matrix obtained by reducing A to tridiagonal form. Eigenvalues will be computed most accurately when abstol is set to twice the underflow threshold 2 × nag_real_safe_small_number , not zero. If this function returns with fail.code= NE_CONVERGENCE, indicating that some eigenvectors did not converge, try setting abstol to 2 × nag_real_safe_small_number . See Demmel and Kahan (1990).
13: m Integer * Output
On exit: the total number of eigenvalues found. 0mn.
If range=Nag_AllValues, m=n.
If range=Nag_Indices, m=iu-il+1.
14: w[dim] double Output
Note: the dimension, dim, of the array w must be at least max(1,n).
On exit: the first m elements contain the selected eigenvalues in ascending order.
15: z[dim] Complex Output
Note: the dimension, dim, of the array z must be at least
  • max(1,pdz×n) when job=Nag_DoBoth;
  • 1 otherwise.
ith element of the jth vector Z is stored in
  • z[(j-1)×pdz+i-1] when order=Nag_ColMajor;
  • z[(i-1)×pdz+j-1] when order=Nag_RowMajor.
On exit: if job=Nag_DoBoth, then
  • if fail.code= NE_NOERROR, the first m columns of Z contain the orthonormal eigenvectors of the matrix A corresponding to the selected eigenvalues, with the ith column of Z holding the eigenvector associated with w[i-1];
  • if an eigenvector fails to converge (fail.code= NE_CONVERGENCE), then that column of Z contains the latest approximation to the eigenvector, and the index of the eigenvector is returned in jfail.
If job=Nag_EigVals, z is not referenced.
16: pdz Integer Input
On entry: the stride used in the array z.
Constraints:
  • if job=Nag_DoBoth, pdz max(1,n) ;
  • otherwise pdz1.
17: jfail[dim] Integer Output
Note: the dimension, dim, of the array jfail must be at least max(1,n).
On exit: if job=Nag_DoBoth, then
  • if fail.code= NE_NOERROR, the first m elements of jfail are zero;
  • if fail.code= NE_CONVERGENCE, jfail contains the indices of the eigenvectors that failed to converge.
If job=Nag_EigVals, jfail is not referenced.
18: fail NagError * Input/Output
The NAG error argument (see Section 7 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface).

6 Error Indicators and Warnings

NE_ALLOC_FAIL
Dynamic memory allocation failed.
See Section 3.1.2 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface for further information.
NE_BAD_PARAM
On entry, argument value had an illegal value.
NE_CONVERGENCE
The algorithm failed to converge; value eigenvectors did not converge. Their indices are stored in array jfail.
NE_ENUM_INT_2
On entry, job=value, pdz=value and n=value.
Constraint: if job=Nag_DoBoth, pdz max(1,n) ;
otherwise pdz1.
NE_ENUM_INT_3
On entry, range=value, il=value, iu=value and n=value.
Constraint: if range=Nag_Indices and n=0, il=1 and iu=0;
if range=Nag_Indices and n>0, 1 il iu n .
NE_ENUM_REAL_2
On entry, range=value, vl=value and vu=value.
Constraint: if range=Nag_Interval, vl<vu.
NE_INT
On entry, n=value.
Constraint: n0.
On entry, pda=value.
Constraint: pda>0.
On entry, pdz=value.
Constraint: pdz>0.
NE_INT_2
On entry, pda=value and n=value.
Constraint: pdamax(1,n).
NE_INTERNAL_ERROR
An internal error has occurred in this function. Check the function call and any array sizes. If the call is correct then please contact NAG for assistance.
See Section 7.5 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface for further information.
NE_NO_LICENCE
Your licence key may have expired or may not have been installed correctly.
See Section 8 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface for further information.

7 Accuracy

The computed eigenvalues and eigenvectors are exact for a nearby matrix (A+E), where
E2 = O(ε) A2 ,  
and ε is the machine precision. See Section 4.7 of Anderson et al. (1999) for further details.

8 Parallelism and Performance

f08fpc is threaded by NAG for parallel execution in multithreaded implementations of the NAG Library.
f08fpc makes calls to BLAS and/or LAPACK routines, which may be threaded within the vendor library used by this implementation. Consult the documentation for the vendor library for further information.
Please consult the X06 Chapter Introduction for information on how to control and interrogate the OpenMP environment used within this function. Please also consult the Users' Note for your implementation for any additional implementation-specific information.

9 Further Comments

The total number of floating-point operations is proportional to n3.
The real analogue of this function is f08fbc.

10 Example

This example finds the eigenvalues in the half-open interval (−2,2] , and the corresponding eigenvectors, of the Hermitian matrix
A = ( 1 2-i 3-i 4-i 2+i 2 3-2i 4-2i 3+i 3+2i 3 4-3i 4+i 4+2i 4+3i 4 ) .  

10.1 Program Text

Program Text (f08fpce.c)

10.2 Program Data

Program Data (f08fpce.d)

10.3 Program Results

Program Results (f08fpce.r)