# NAG Library Routine Document

## 1Purpose

e01rbf evaluates continued fractions of the form produced by e01raf.

## 2Specification

Fortran Interface
 Subroutine e01rbf ( m, a, u, x, f,
 Integer, Intent (In) :: m Integer, Intent (Inout) :: ifail Real (Kind=nag_wp), Intent (In) :: a(m), u(m), x Real (Kind=nag_wp), Intent (Out) :: f
#include <nagmk26.h>
 void e01rbf_ (const Integer *m, const double a[], const double u[], const double *x, double *f, Integer *ifail)

## 3Description

e01rbf evaluates the continued fraction
 $Rx=a1+Rmx$
where
 $Rix=am-i+ 2x-um-i+ 1 1+Ri- 1x , for ​ i=m,m- 1,…,2.$
and
 $R1x=0$
for a prescribed value of $x$. e01rbf is intended to be used to evaluate the continued fraction representation (of an interpolatory rational function) produced by e01raf.

## 4References

Graves–Morris P R and Hopkins T R (1981) Reliable rational interpolation Numer. Math. 36 111–128

## 5Arguments

1:     $\mathbf{m}$ – IntegerInput
On entry: $m$, the number of terms in the continued fraction.
Constraint: ${\mathbf{m}}\ge 1$.
2:     $\mathbf{a}\left({\mathbf{m}}\right)$ – Real (Kind=nag_wp) arrayInput
On entry: ${\mathbf{a}}\left(\mathit{j}\right)$ must be set to the value of the parameter ${a}_{\mathit{j}}$ in the continued fraction, for $\mathit{j}=1,2,\dots ,m$.
3:     $\mathbf{u}\left({\mathbf{m}}\right)$ – Real (Kind=nag_wp) arrayInput
On entry: ${\mathbf{u}}\left(\mathit{j}\right)$ must be set to the value of the parameter ${u}_{\mathit{j}}$ in the continued fraction, for $\mathit{j}=1,2,\dots ,m-1$. (The element ${\mathbf{u}}\left(m\right)$ is not used).
4:     $\mathbf{x}$ – Real (Kind=nag_wp)Input
On entry: the value of $x$ at which the continued fraction is to be evaluated.
5:     $\mathbf{f}$ – Real (Kind=nag_wp)Output
On exit: the value of the continued fraction corresponding to the value of $x$.
6:     $\mathbf{ifail}$ – IntegerInput/Output
On entry: ifail must be set to $0$, . If you are unfamiliar with this argument you should refer to Section 3.4 in How to Use the NAG Library and its Documentation for details.
For environments where it might be inappropriate to halt program execution when an error is detected, the value  is recommended. If the output of error messages is undesirable, then the value $1$ is recommended. Otherwise, if you are not familiar with this argument, the recommended value is $0$. When the value  is used it is essential to test the value of ifail on exit.
On exit: ${\mathbf{ifail}}={\mathbf{0}}$ unless the routine detects an error or a warning has been flagged (see Section 6).

## 6Error Indicators and Warnings

If on entry ${\mathbf{ifail}}=0$ or $-1$, explanatory error messages are output on the current error message unit (as defined by x04aaf).
Errors or warnings detected by the routine:
${\mathbf{ifail}}=1$
x corresponds to a pole of $R\left(x\right)$, or is very close. ${\mathbf{x}}=〈\mathit{\text{value}}〉$.
${\mathbf{ifail}}=-99$
See Section 3.9 in How to Use the NAG Library and its Documentation for further information.
${\mathbf{ifail}}=-399$
Your licence key may have expired or may not have been installed correctly.
See Section 3.8 in How to Use the NAG Library and its Documentation for further information.
${\mathbf{ifail}}=-999$
Dynamic memory allocation failed.
See Section 3.7 in How to Use the NAG Library and its Documentation for further information.

## 7Accuracy

See Section 7 in e01raf.

## 8Parallelism and Performance

e01rbf is not threaded in any implementation.

The time taken by e01rbf is approximately proportional to $m$.

## 10Example

This example reads in the arguments ${a}_{j}$ and ${u}_{j}$ of a continued fraction (as determined by the example for e01raf) and evaluates the continued fraction at a point $x$.

### 10.1Program Text

Program Text (e01rbfe.f90)

### 10.2Program Data

Program Data (e01rbfe.d)

### 10.3Program Results

Program Results (e01rbfe.r)