F12 Chapter Contents
F12 Chapter Introduction
NAG Library Manual

# NAG Library Routine DocumentF12AAF

Note:  before using this routine, please read the Users' Note for your implementation to check the interpretation of bold italicised terms and other implementation-dependent details.

## 1  Purpose

F12AAF is a setup routine in a suite of routines consisting of F12AAF, F12ABF, F12ACF, F12ADF and F12AEF. It is used to find some of the eigenvalues (and optionally the corresponding eigenvectors) of a standard or generalized eigenvalue problem defined by real nonsymmetric matrices.
The suite of routines is suitable for the solution of large sparse, standard or generalized, nonsymmetric eigenproblems where only a few eigenvalues from a selected range of the spectrum are required.

## 2  Specification

 SUBROUTINE F12AAF ( N, NEV, NCV, ICOMM, LICOMM, COMM, LCOMM, IFAIL)
 INTEGER N, NEV, NCV, ICOMM(max(1,LICOMM)), LICOMM, LCOMM, IFAIL REAL (KIND=nag_wp) COMM(max(1,LCOMM))

## 3  Description

The suite of routines is designed to calculate some of the eigenvalues, $\lambda$, (and optionally the corresponding eigenvectors, $x$) of a standard eigenvalue problem $Ax=\lambda x$, or of a generalized eigenvalue problem $Ax=\lambda Bx$ of order $n$, where $n$ is large and the coefficient matrices $A$ and $B$ are sparse, real and nonsymmetric. The suite can also be used to find selected eigenvalues/eigenvectors of smaller scale dense, real and nonsymmetric problems.
F12AAF is a setup routine which must be called before F12ABF, the reverse communication iterative solver, and before F12ADF, the options setting routine. F12ACF is a post-processing routine that must be called following a successful final exit from F12ABF, while F12AEF can be used to return additional monitoring information during the computation.
This setup routine initializes the communication arrays, sets (to their default values) all options that can be set by you via the option setting routine F12ADF, and checks that the lengths of the communication arrays as passed by you are of sufficient length. For details of the options available and how to set them see Section 10.1 in F12ADF.

## 4  References

Lehoucq R B (2001) Implicitly restarted Arnoldi methods and subspace iteration SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications 23 551–562
Lehoucq R B and Scott J A (1996) An evaluation of software for computing eigenvalues of sparse nonsymmetric matrices Preprint MCS-P547-1195 Argonne National Laboratory
Lehoucq R B and Sorensen D C (1996) Deflation techniques for an implicitly restarted Arnoldi iteration SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications 17 789–821
Lehoucq R B, Sorensen D C and Yang C (1998) ARPACK Users' Guide: Solution of Large-scale Eigenvalue Problems with Implicitly Restarted Arnoldi Methods SIAM, Philidelphia

## 5  Parameters

1:     N – INTEGERInput
On entry: the order of the matrix $A$ (and the order of the matrix $B$ for the generalized problem) that defines the eigenvalue problem.
Constraint: ${\mathbf{N}}>0$.
2:     NEV – INTEGERInput
On entry: the number of eigenvalues to be computed.
Constraint: $0<{\mathbf{NEV}}<{\mathbf{N}}-1$.
3:     NCV – INTEGERInput
On entry: the number of Arnoldi basis vectors to use during the computation.
At present there is no a priori analysis to guide the selection of NCV relative to NEV. However, it is recommended that ${\mathbf{NCV}}\ge 2×{\mathbf{NEV}}+1$. If many problems of the same type are to be solved, you should experiment with increasing NCV while keeping NEV fixed for a given test problem. This will usually decrease the required number of matrix-vector operations but it also increases the work and storage required to maintain the orthogonal basis vectors. The optimal ‘cross-over’ with respect to CPU time is problem dependent and must be determined empirically.
Constraint: ${\mathbf{NEV}}+1<{\mathbf{NCV}}\le {\mathbf{N}}$.
4:     ICOMM($\mathrm{max}\phantom{\rule{0.125em}{0ex}}\left(1,{\mathbf{LICOMM}}\right)$) – INTEGER arrayCommunication Array
On exit: contains data to be communicated to the other routines in the suite.
5:     LICOMM – INTEGERInput
On entry: the dimension of the array ICOMM as declared in the (sub)program from which F12AAF is called.
If ${\mathbf{LICOMM}}=-1$, a workspace query is assumed and the routine only calculates the required dimensions of ICOMM and COMM, which it returns in ${\mathbf{ICOMM}}\left(1\right)$ and ${\mathbf{COMM}}\left(1\right)$ respectively.
Constraint: ${\mathbf{LICOMM}}\ge 140\text{​ or ​}{\mathbf{LICOMM}}=-1$.
6:     COMM($\mathrm{max}\phantom{\rule{0.125em}{0ex}}\left(1,{\mathbf{LCOMM}}\right)$) – REAL (KIND=nag_wp) arrayCommunication Array
On exit: contains data to be communicated to the other routines in the suite.
7:     LCOMM – INTEGERInput
On entry: the dimension of the array COMM as declared in the (sub)program from which F12AAF is called.
If ${\mathbf{LCOMM}}=-1$, a workspace query is assumed and the routine only calculates the dimensions of ICOMM and COMM required by F12ABF, which it returns in ${\mathbf{ICOMM}}\left(1\right)$ and ${\mathbf{COMM}}\left(1\right)$ respectively.
Constraint: ${\mathbf{LCOMM}}\ge 3×{\mathbf{N}}+3×{\mathbf{NCV}}×{\mathbf{NCV}}+6×{\mathbf{NCV}}+60\text{​ or ​}{\mathbf{LCOMM}}=-1$.
8:     IFAIL – INTEGERInput/Output
On entry: IFAIL must be set to $0$, $-1\text{​ or ​}1$. If you are unfamiliar with this parameter you should refer to Section 3.3 in the Essential Introduction for details.
For environments where it might be inappropriate to halt program execution when an error is detected, the value $-1\text{​ or ​}1$ is recommended. If the output of error messages is undesirable, then the value $1$ is recommended. Otherwise, if you are not familiar with this parameter, the recommended value is $0$. When the value $-\mathbf{1}\text{​ or ​}\mathbf{1}$ is used it is essential to test the value of IFAIL on exit.
On exit: ${\mathbf{IFAIL}}={\mathbf{0}}$ unless the routine detects an error or a warning has been flagged (see Section 6).

## 6  Error Indicators and Warnings

If on entry ${\mathbf{IFAIL}}={\mathbf{0}}$ or $-{\mathbf{1}}$, explanatory error messages are output on the current error message unit (as defined by X04AAF).
Errors or warnings detected by the routine:
${\mathbf{IFAIL}}=1$
On entry, ${\mathbf{N}}\le 0$.
${\mathbf{IFAIL}}=2$
On entry, ${\mathbf{NEV}}\le 0$.
${\mathbf{IFAIL}}=3$
On entry, ${\mathbf{NCV}}<{\mathbf{NEV}}+2$ or ${\mathbf{NCV}}>{\mathbf{N}}$.
${\mathbf{IFAIL}}=4$
On entry, ${\mathbf{LICOMM}}<140$ and ${\mathbf{LICOMM}}\ne -1$.
${\mathbf{IFAIL}}=5$
On entry, ${\mathbf{LCOMM}}<3×{\mathbf{N}}+3×{\mathbf{NCV}}×{\mathbf{NCV}}+6×{\mathbf{NCV}}+60$ and ${\mathbf{LCOMM}}\ne -1$.

Not applicable.

None.

## 9  Example

This example solves $Ax=\lambda x$ in regular mode, where $A$ is obtained from the standard central difference discretization of the convection-diffusion operator $\frac{{\partial }^{2}u}{\partial {x}^{2}}+\frac{{\partial }^{2}u}{\partial {y}^{2}}+\rho \frac{\partial u}{\partial x}$ on the unit square, with zero Dirichlet boundary conditions, where $\rho =100$.

### 9.1  Program Text

Program Text (f12aafe.f90)

### 9.2  Program Data

Program Data (f12aafe.d)

### 9.3  Program Results

Program Results (f12aafe.r)