nag_dtrtrs (f07tec) (PDF version)
f07 Chapter Contents
f07 Chapter Introduction
NAG Library Manual

NAG Library Function Document

nag_dtrtrs (f07tec)

+ Contents

    1  Purpose
    7  Accuracy

1  Purpose

nag_dtrtrs (f07tec) solves a real triangular system of linear equations with multiple right-hand sides, AX=B or ATX=B.

2  Specification

#include <nag.h>
#include <nagf07.h>
void  nag_dtrtrs (Nag_OrderType order, Nag_UploType uplo, Nag_TransType trans, Nag_DiagType diag, Integer n, Integer nrhs, const double a[], Integer pda, double b[], Integer pdb, NagError *fail)

3  Description

nag_dtrtrs (f07tec) solves a real triangular system of linear equations AX=B or ATX=B.

4  References

Golub G H and Van Loan C F (1996) Matrix Computations (3rd Edition) Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore
Higham N J (1989) The accuracy of solutions to triangular systems SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 26 1252–1265

5  Arguments

1:     orderNag_OrderTypeInput
On entry: the order argument specifies the two-dimensional storage scheme being used, i.e., row-major ordering or column-major ordering. C language defined storage is specified by order=Nag_RowMajor. See Section 3.2.1.3 in the Essential Introduction for a more detailed explanation of the use of this argument.
Constraint: order=Nag_RowMajor or Nag_ColMajor.
2:     uploNag_UploTypeInput
On entry: specifies whether A is upper or lower triangular.
uplo=Nag_Upper
A is upper triangular.
uplo=Nag_Lower
A is lower triangular.
Constraint: uplo=Nag_Upper or Nag_Lower.
3:     transNag_TransTypeInput
On entry: indicates the form of the equations.
trans=Nag_NoTrans
The equations are of the form AX=B.
trans=Nag_Trans or Nag_ConjTrans
The equations are of the form ATX=B.
Constraint: trans=Nag_NoTrans, Nag_Trans or Nag_ConjTrans.
4:     diagNag_DiagTypeInput
On entry: indicates whether A is a nonunit or unit triangular matrix.
diag=Nag_NonUnitDiag
A is a nonunit triangular matrix.
diag=Nag_UnitDiag
A is a unit triangular matrix; the diagonal elements are not referenced and are assumed to be 1.
Constraint: diag=Nag_NonUnitDiag or Nag_UnitDiag.
5:     nIntegerInput
On entry: n, the order of the matrix A.
Constraint: n0.
6:     nrhsIntegerInput
On entry: r, the number of right-hand sides.
Constraint: nrhs0.
7:     a[dim]const doubleInput
Note: the dimension, dim, of the array a must be at least max1,pda×n.
On entry: the n by n triangular matrix A.
If order=Nag_ColMajor, Aij is stored in a[j-1×pda+i-1].
If order=Nag_RowMajor, Aij is stored in a[i-1×pda+j-1].
If uplo=Nag_Upper, the upper triangular part of A must be stored and the elements of the array below the diagonal are not referenced.
If uplo=Nag_Lower, the lower triangular part of A must be stored and the elements of the array above the diagonal are not referenced.
If diag=Nag_UnitDiag, the diagonal elements of A are assumed to be 1, and are not referenced.
8:     pdaIntegerInput
On entry: the stride separating row or column elements (depending on the value of order) of the matrix A in the array a.
Constraint: pdamax1,n.
9:     b[dim]doubleInput/Output
Note: the dimension, dim, of the array b must be at least
  • max1,pdb×nrhs when order=Nag_ColMajor;
  • max1,n×pdb when order=Nag_RowMajor.
The i,jth element of the matrix B is stored in
  • b[j-1×pdb+i-1] when order=Nag_ColMajor;
  • b[i-1×pdb+j-1] when order=Nag_RowMajor.
On entry: the n by r right-hand side matrix B.
On exit: the n by r solution matrix X.
10:   pdbIntegerInput
On entry: the stride separating row or column elements (depending on the value of order) in the array b.
Constraints:
  • if order=Nag_ColMajor, pdbmax1,n;
  • if order=Nag_RowMajor, pdbmax1,nrhs.
11:   failNagError *Input/Output
The NAG error argument (see Section 3.6 in the Essential Introduction).

6  Error Indicators and Warnings

NE_ALLOC_FAIL
Dynamic memory allocation failed.
NE_BAD_PARAM
On entry, argument value had an illegal value.
NE_INT
On entry, n=value.
Constraint: n0.
On entry, nrhs=value.
Constraint: nrhs0.
On entry, pda=value.
Constraint: pda>0.
On entry, pdb=value.
Constraint: pdb>0.
NE_INT_2
On entry, pda=value and n=value.
Constraint: pdamax1,n.
On entry, pdb=value and n=value.
Constraint: pdbmax1,n.
On entry, pdb=value and nrhs=value.
Constraint: pdbmax1,nrhs.
NE_INTERNAL_ERROR
An internal error has occurred in this function. Check the function call and any array sizes. If the call is correct then please contact NAG for assistance.
NE_SINGULAR
avalue,value is exactly zero. A is singular and the solution has not been computed.

7  Accuracy

The solutions of triangular systems of equations are usually computed to high accuracy. See Higham (1989).
For each right-hand side vector b, the computed solution x is the exact solution of a perturbed system of equations A+Ex=b, where
EcnεA ,
cn is a modest linear function of n, and ε is the machine precision.
If x^ is the true solution, then the computed solution x satisfies a forward error bound of the form
x-x^ x cncondA,xε ,   provided   cncondA,xε<1 ,
where condA,x=A-1Ax/x.
Note that condA,xcondA=A-1AκA; condA,x can be much smaller than condA and it is also possible for condAT to be much larger (or smaller) than condA.
Forward and backward error bounds can be computed by calling nag_dtrrfs (f07thc), and an estimate for κA can be obtained by calling nag_dtrcon (f07tgc) with norm=Nag_InfNorm.

8  Parallelism and Performance

nag_dtrtrs (f07tec) is not threaded by NAG in any implementation.
nag_dtrtrs (f07tec) makes calls to BLAS and/or LAPACK routines, which may be threaded within the vendor library used by this implementation. Consult the documentation for the vendor library for further information.
Please consult the Users' Note for your implementation for any additional implementation-specific information.

9  Further Comments

The total number of floating-point operations is approximately n2r.
The complex analogue of this function is nag_ztrtrs (f07tsc).

10  Example

This example solves the system of equations AX=B, where
A= 4.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 -3.96 -4.87 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.31 -8.02 0.00 -0.27 0.07 -5.95 0.12   and   B= -12.90 -21.50 16.75 14.93 -17.55 6.33 -11.04 8.09 .

10.1  Program Text

Program Text (f07tece.c)

10.2  Program Data

Program Data (f07tece.d)

10.3  Program Results

Program Results (f07tece.r)


nag_dtrtrs (f07tec) (PDF version)
f07 Chapter Contents
f07 Chapter Introduction
NAG Library Manual

© The Numerical Algorithms Group Ltd, Oxford, UK. 2014